Bolsonaro e Covid-19: negacionismo, militarismo e neoliberalismo / Bolsonaro and Covid-19: denialism, militarism and neoliberalism / Bolsonaro y Covid-19: negación, militarismo y neoliberalismo

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o discurso do presidente Bolsonaro em relação à pandemia da COVID-19, para discutir o diagrama das suas práticas governamentais. Realizamos uma cartografia das reportagens sobre as falas de Bolsonaro publicadas na mídia no período de 26/02/2020 a 20/06/2020. Elaboramos três eixos de análise: Discurso negacionista e criação da própria narrativa; retórica militarista e criação do inimigo; e lógica neoliberal governamental. Constatamos que seu posicionamento e suas práticas necropolíticas estão à serviço da manutenção do funcionamento das engrenagens do diagrama neoliberal, em que a máxima defendida na contemporaneidade não é mais o "Fazer viver e deixar morrer", senão o "Produzir, e deixar morrer".

The aim of this article is to analyze President Bolsonaro's discourse regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in order to discuss the diagram of his governmental practices. We carried out a cartography of reports on Bolsonaro's speeches published in the media from 02/26/2020 to 06/20/2020. We elaborated three axes of analysis: Denialist discourse and creation of the narrative itself, Militaristic rhetoric and creation of the enemy, and Governmental neoliberal logic. We verified that his position and necropolitical practices are at the service of maintaining the functioning of the neoliberal diagram's gears, in which the maxim defended in contemporary times is no longer "Make live and let die", but "Produce and let die".

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el discurso del presidente Bolsonaro en relación a la pandemia de la COVID-19, para discutir el diagrama de sus prácticas gubernamentales. Realizamos una cartografía de los reportajes publicados en los medios de comunicación sobre las charlas de Bolsonaro en el periodo de 26/02/2020 a 20/06/2020. Elaboramos tres ejes de análisis: Discurso negacionista y creación de la propia narrativa; Retorica militarista y creación del enemigo y Lógica neoliberal gubernamental. Constatamos que su posicionamiento y sus prácticas necropolíticas están al servicio de la manutención del funcionamiento de los engranajes del diagrama neoliberal, en que la máxima defendida en la contemporaneidad no es más el "Hacer vivir y dejar morir", sino el "Producir y dejar morir".

Governança global, regulamentação flexível e os ensaios clínicos na medicina regenerativa no Reino Unido e na União Europeia / Global Governance, Flexible Regulation and Clinical Trials in Regenerative Medicine in the United Kingdom and the European Union

Resumo A medicina regenerativa encontra-se em fase de desenvolvimento dos ensaios clínicos em terapias celulares (TC), na sua manufatura e na sua adoção gradual dentro dos sistemas de saúde. Entretanto, há uma série de lacunas e contradições na governança e regulamentação na área e o objetivo principal deste artigo é sua discussão dentro das tendências globais, já que esses processos afetam de modo substantivo a saúde coletiva global e encontram-se ainda escassamente resolvidos. O texto foca nos processos prevalentes nos ensaios clínicos com TC em duas lideranças internacionais, o Reino Unido e a União Europeia, utilizando a análise bibliográfica e de conteúdo. O texto conclui com uma discussão das principais vantagens e desvantagens para a saúde coletiva global da transição de um modelo científico de comprovação das novas terapias celulares para, eventualmente, outro baseado na inovação médica ou clínica. O último procede desde a fase pré-clínica com animais à aplicação das novas terapias a grupos pequenos de pacientes e, logo a seguir, a sua inserção no mercado. Muitas vezes, esse modelo se associa a flexibilidades regulatórias, a serem ilustradas no artigo, e especialmente desenhadas para aumentar a rapidez no desenvolvimento e aplicação das terapias.

Abstract Regenerative medicine is at present in a stage of development of clinical trials in cell therapies (CT), their manufacture and gradual adoption by health systems. However, there are several gaps and contradictions in governance and regulation in the area and the main aim of this article is their discussion within global trends, as these processes remain still ill- resolved while substantively affecting collective global health. The text focuses on an analysis of prevailing processes in clinical trials with CT by two leading actors, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, and is based upon bibliographical and content analyses. The article concludes with a discussion of the main advantages and disadvantages for collective global health of the transition from a conventional scientific model to test the new therapies to, eventually, one based on medical or clinical innovation. The latter proceeds from the pre-clinical research phase with animals to clinical trials with small groups of patients and subsequently, to the entrance of cell therapies into the market. Often this model is associated to flexible regulations, to be illustrated in the article, which are specifically designed to diminish time-lags between therapy development and its full application.

Health employment and economic growth: a five-year action plan (2017­21). Version for consultation

INTRODUCTION: In its report entitled "Working for Health and Growth: Investing in the health workforce", the High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth ("Commission") has proposed ten recommendations and five immediate actions to transform the health workforce for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. These will require game-changing interventions and action by national governments, led by ministries of health, education, employment and finance, as well as the international community. As called for by the Commission, the ILO, OECD and WHO have developed the present five-year action plan that sets out how the three agencies in partnership with their constituents and other multilateral organizations can support their member States as they implement the ten recommendations. Member States and relevant stakeholders are invited to review and provide inputs to the finalization of this action plan through a consultative process that will be launched at the High-Level Ministerial Meeting on Health Employment and Economic Growth on 14-15 December 2016, in Geneva, Switzerland. OBJECTIVE: This consultative process will seek ideas and inputs for the proposed action plan deliverables and indicators. It will also inform the further development of targets, timeframes, and partnerships. Following the High-Level Ministerial Meeting, the three agencies will organize individual consultations with member States through the Permanent Missions in Geneva, discussion with constituents in ILO's and WHO's governance structures, consultation with respective regional offices, a public consultation online, and bilateral meetings and consultations with all relevant international and regional organizations, development partners as well as concerned global initiatives. (AU)

Plan de salud de Centroamérica y República Dominicana 2016-2020 / Health Plan for Central America and the Dominican Republic 2016-2020

La articulación entre el enfoque poblacional y la estrategia de Promoción de la Salud son consideradas como un ejercicio simbiótico orientado a desarrollar el potencial de salud de las personas, familias, comunidades y sociedades de los países miembro del SICA. Lograr esa potenciación supone la intervención y la modificación (eliminación, reducción y reforzamiento) de los factores que determinan la salud y que perviven en la Región, incrementando progresivamente un capital de salud en pos de alcanzar un determinado potencial expresado en un mejor estado del mismo de las poblaciones. Las acciones en salud planteadas e implementadas desde una perspectiva regional estarán orientadas a dar respuestas a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), a partir de los avances logrados en el marco de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM). Ello connota responder a las aspiraciones colectivas, mediante la entrega de bienes y servicios gubernamentales valorados de acuerdo a las expectativas de las poblaciones de la región del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA), organizando y gestionando la rendición de cuentas de los recursos y los resultados regionales alcanzados, presentando proyecciones futuras sobre la mejora del estado de salud de la ciudadanía tanto a representantes políticos y sociales como a organismos de cooperación técnica y humanitaria internacional. (AU)